La crisi identitaria nazionale nello specchio dell’Altro secondo i pensatori iraniani dei secoli XIX-XX
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2785-3233/22039Keywords:
otherness, Persian identity, Islamic civilization, identity crisis, contemporary Persian thinkersAbstract
The article gives an overview of the main contemporary Iranian thinkers who reflect on Persian national identity, particularly in relation to Islam and the Western world. They can be divided into three main currents: those who seek a return to the 'glory' of the pre-Islamic imperial past, re-evaluating the monarchical ideology between the 19th and 20th centuries of the last Qājār kings and especially of the two Pahlavī rulers; those who believe that Persian identity is predominantly shaped by Islamic culture, an idea that developed around the Islamic revolution of 1979; and finally a third group that more moderately supports the multilateral aspect of Persian culture and its national identity, an idea that developed particularly after the Islamic revolution. Both extremist and more moderate attitudes, however, share a certain identity crisis mainly due to the urgency of historical instances and contingent realities, which led Iranian thinkers to a kind of self-analysis and close confrontation with the Other (the Arab, the European).
References
Ādamiyat, Fereydūn. 1956. Fekr-e āzādī va nahżat-e mashrūṭiyat-e īrān [‘Il pensiero della libertà e il movimento costituzionale dell’Iran’]. Tehran: Khwārazmī.
Ādamiyat, Fereydūn. 1970. Andīshehā-ye Mīrzā Fatḥ ʿAlī Ākhūndzādé [‘Le idee di Mīrzā Fatḥ ʿAlī Ākhūndzādé’]. Tehran: Khwārazmī.
Aḥamdī, Ḥamīd (ed.). 2016. Hoviyat-e īrānī: az dowrān-e bāstān tā pāyān-e pahlavī [‘Identità iranica: dall’antichità alla fine de [lla dinastia] Pahlavi’]. Tehran: Nashr-e Ney.
Ajūdānī, Māshāʾallāh. 2006. Hedāyat, “Būf-e kūr” va nāsionālīsm [‘Hedāyat, “La Civetta cieca” e il nazionalismo’]. London: Faṣl-e Ketāb.
Ākhūndzādé, Mīrzā Fatḥollāh. 2008. Maktūbāt [‘Le lettere’]. Parigi: Khāvarān.
Ākhūndzādé, Mīrzā Fatḥollāh. 1979. Alefbā-ye jadīd va maktūbāt [‘Nuovo alfabeto e “Le lettere”’]. Tabriz: Mehr.
Āl-e Ahmad, Jalāl. 2016. “Diagnosi di una Malattia. Primo capitolo di Gharbzadegi.” (Breve analisi e traduzione a cura di Simone Ruffini) Quaderni di Meykhane 6 (2016), 1-10.
Āẕarnūsh, Āẕartāsh. 1995. Rāhhā-ye nofūẕ-e fārsī dar farhang o sheʿr-e jāhelī-ye ʿarab [‘Le vie di penetrazione del persiano nella cultura e nella poesia araba della jāhiliyya’]. Tehran: Tūs.
Bausani, Alessandro. 1960. “Letteratura neopersiana.” In Pagliaro, Antonio & Bausani, Alessandro. Storia della letteratura persiana, 150-898. Milano: Nuova Accademia Editrice.
Bausani, Alessandro. 1971. L’Iran e la sua tradizione millenaria. Roma: Istituto italiano per Medio ed Estremo Oriente.
Bertotti, Filippo (ed.). 1989. I Minareti e il cielo. Racconti persiani del Novecento. Palermo: Sellerio Editore.
Farrokhī Sofiā & Nīkfar, Jāsb. 2017. “Problematīk-e hoviyyat-e īrānī dar andīshe-ye Dāryūsh-e Shāyegān [‘La problematica dell’identità iranica nel pensiero di Dāryūsh Shāyegān’].” Jāmeʿe pazhūhī-ye farhangī 4 (1396), 99-131.
Goldizehr, Ignaz. 1889. Muhammedanische Studien. Halle: Max Niemeyer.
Guenòn, René. 1924. Oriente e Occidente. Milano: Luni Editrice.
Keshvarz, Fatemeh. 2007. Jasmine and Stars: Reading More Than Lolita in Tehran. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Khorramshād, Moḥammad Bāqer & Sarparast Sādāt, Seyyed Ebrāhīm. 2010. “Rowshanfekrān-e īrānī va masʾale-ye hoviyyat dar Āyīne-ye Bohrān [‘Gli intellettuali iraniani e il problema dell’identità nello specchio della crisi’].” Faṣl-nāme-ye taḥqīqāt-e farhangī 3/2 (1389), 27-60.
Khosmood, Foaad. 2007. “Jasmine and Stars: New Orientalist Narratives [interview with Fatemeh Keshavarz, auth. of “Jasmine and Stars: Reading More than Lolita in Tehran”].” Campus Watch: Middle East Studies in the News https://www.meforum.org/campus-watch/jasmine-and-stars-new-orientalist-narratives [ultimo accesso 06 feb 2025].
Madadpūr, Moḥammad. 2009. Khowdāgāhī-ye tārīkhī. Eslām va andīshe-ye modern [‘L’autoconoscenza storica. Islam e pensiero moderno’], vol. 4. Tehran: Moʿassese-ye farhangī-ye monādī-ye tarbiyat.
Mīrʿābedīnī Ḥasan. 2008. Ṣad sāl dāstān-nevīsī-ye īrān [‘Cento anni di narrativa persiana’]. Tehran: Cheshmé.
Momtaḥen, Ḥosein ʿAlī. 1991. Naḥżat-e shoʿūbiye: Jonbesh-e mellī-ye īrāniyān dar barābar-e khelāfat-e omavī va ʿabbāsī [‘La rivoluzione della shuʿūbiyya: il movimento nazionale iranico contro i califfati omayyade e abbaside’]. Tehran: Sherkat Sahāmī-ye Ketābhā-ye Jībī.
Moṭahharī, Morteżā. 1979. Khadamāt-e motaqābel-e īrān va eslām [‘I reciproci contributi tra Iran e Islam’]. Qom: Ṣadrā.
Nafisi, Azar. 2003. Reading Lolita in Tehran. London: Random House Publishing Group.
Nasr, Seyyed Hosein. 2002. The Heart of Islam, Enduring Values for Humanity. New York: Harper Collins.
Naṣr, Seyyed Ḥosein. 2000. “Taʾammolāt-i dar ensān va āyande-ye tamaddon [‘Riflessioni sull’uomo e sul futuro della civiltà’]. (Trad. pers. M. Fatḥīzādé).” Pazhūheshhā-ye falsafī-kalāmī IV (1379) https://ensani.ir/fa/article/91898 [ultimo accesso 24 dic 2024].
Naṣr, Seyyed Ḥosein. 2003. Jāvedān kherad. Majmūʿe-ye maqālāt-e Seyyed Ḥosein Naṣr [‘L’Intelletto Eterno. Raccolta di articoli di Seyyed Ḥosein Naṣr’]. Ed. Seyyed Ḥosein Ḥoseinī. Tehran: Sorūsh.
Norozi, Nahid. 2023. “La mia spada è la poesia”. Versi di lotta e d’amore nella poetessa persiana Simin Behbahāni, “Ferdows. Collana di Studi iranici e islamici”. Roma: WriteUp Books.
Pagliaro, Antonio. 1960. “Letteratura della Persia preislamica.” In Pagliaro, Antonio & Bausani, Alessandro. Storia della letteratura persiana, 7-146. Milano: Nuova Accademia Editrice.
Roth, Joseph. 1965. La milleduesima notte, trad. it. Ugo Gimmelli, Garzanti: Milano.
Sharīʿatī, ʿAlī. 2000. Majmūʿe-ye āthār [‘Opera omnia’], vol. 1. Tehran: Chāpakhsh.
Sharīʿatī, ʿAlī. 2003. Majmūʿe-ye āthār [‘Opera omnia’], vol. 9. Tehran: Chāpakhsh.
Shāyegān, Dāryūsh. 1997. Cultural Schizophrenia, Islamic Societies Confronting The West (Modern Intellectual and Political History of the Middle East) . Trad. ingl. a cura di Dāryūsh Shāyegān & John Howe. Syracuse: Syracuse University press.
Shāyegān, Dāryūsh. 2002. Bothā-ye ẕehnī va khāṭere-ye azalī [‘Idoli mentali e memoria pre-eterna’]. Tehran: Amīr Kabīr.
Sorūsh, ʿAbdolkarīm. 1996. “Ẕehniyat-e moshavvash, hoviyat-e moshavvash [‘Mentalità confusa, identità confusa’].” Kiyān 30 (1375), 4-9.
Sorūsh, ʿAbdolkarīm. 1998. Rāzdāni va rowshanfekrī va dīndārī [‘Iniziazione, intellettualità e religiosità’]. Tehran: Ṣerāṭ.
Sorūsh, ʿAbdolkarīm. 2006. “Az eslām-e hoviyat tā siyāsat-e ʿorfī. Goftogū bā Sorūsh [‘Dall’Islam identitario alla politica tradizionale. Intervista con Sorūsh’],” Bāztāb-e andīshe 77 (1385), 641-649.
Ṭabarī, Eḥsān. 1977. Owżāʿ-e īrān dar dowrān-e moʿāṣer [‘Situazione iraniana nel periodo contemporaneo’]. Tehran: Bīnā.
Vallaro, Michele. 1992. “Introduzione”. In Abū Nuwās, La vergine nella coppa, a cura di Michele Vallaro, XI-XXVI. Roma: Istituto per l’Oriente C.A. Nallino.
Yusefī Eshkevarī. 1999. Sharīʿatī va naqd-e sonnat [‘Sharīʿatī e la critica della tradizione’]. Tehran: Yādāvarān.
Zāreʿ, Ḥāmed. 2014. Āfāq-e ḥekmat dar sepehr-e sonnat. Goftogū-ye Ḥāmed Zāreʿ bā Seyyed Ḥosein Naṣr [‘Orizzonti della sapienza nel cielo della tradizione. Intervista di Ḥāmed Zāreʿ con Seyyed Ḥosein Naṣr’]. Tehran: Qoqnūs.
Zarrīnkūb, ʿAbdolḥosein. 1951. Do qarn sokūt. Sargoẕasht-e ḥavādes va owżāʿ-e tārīkhī-ye īrān dar do qarn-e avval-e eslām az ḥamle-ye ʿarab tā ẓohūr-e ṭāheriyān [‘Due secoli di silenzio. Storia di eventi e situazioni dell’Iran nei primi due secoli dell’Islam dall’invasione degli arabi fino alla comparsa del governo tāhiride’]. Tehran: Mehregān.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nahid Norozi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
